Peripheral Simulation

For Nuvoton W77E516 — Clock Divider and Timer Rate Control; 4 Clocks Per Machine Cycle

Simulation support for this peripheral or feature is comprised of:

• Dialog boxes which display and allow you to change peripheral configuration.
• VTREGs (Virtual Target Registers) which support I/O with the peripheral.

These simulation capabilities are described below.

Clock Control Dialog

The Clock Generation dialog displays and allows you to specify the configuration for the MCU clock.

Control Register

• CKCON contains the MOVX duration selection setting, as well as the Watchdog Timer mode setting and Timer/Counter Clock selection bits.

Timer Rate Control

• T2M if set, the Timer 2 clock frequency equals the system clock divided by 4. If reset, it equals the system clock divided by 12.
• T1M if set, the Timer 1 clock frequency equals the system clock divided by 4. If reset, it equals the system clock divided by 12.
• T0M if set, the Timer 0 clock frequency equals the system clock divided by 4. If reset, it equals the system clock divided by 12.

Clock Divider

• CD (Clock Divide Control) selects the number of oscillator clocks required to generate one machine cycle.
• 4X (4X/2X Clock Multiplier) is set to multiply the clock frequency by 4 resulting in 1 clock per machine cycle. If reset, the clock frequency is multiplied by 2 resulting in 2 clocks per machine cycle.
• SWB (Switchback Enable) is set to allow a external or serial port interrupt to force the Clock Divide Control (CD) to 4 clocks per cycle mode.

Oscillators & CPU Clock

• XTAL Freq. specifies the crystal oscillator frequency in Hz.
• Ring Osc. specifies the ring oscillator frequency in Hz.
• CPU CLock displays the resulting system clock frequency.
• CTM (Crystal Multiplier Enable) is set to enable the frequency multplier function (4X/2X).
• CKRY (Crystal Oscillator Ready) is set when the crystal oscillator completes its 65,536 cycle warm-up period.
• RGMD (Ring Oscillator Mode) is set to indicate the clock source is the Ring Oscillator. If reset, the clock source is an external crystal or oscillator.
• RGSL (Ring Oscillator Select) is set to use the Ring Oscillator to start up from Stop mode. If reset, the software must wait for the crystal warm-up period to complete.

External Memory Access

• MOVX Duration[Cycles] selects the number of machine cycles the the MOVX instruction will use. The RD and WR strobes are lengthened by this interval to allow use of slower memory or peripheral devices.

PORTx VTREG
Data Type: unsigned char

The PORTx VTREGs represent the I/O pins of the simulated MCU for Port 0, Port 1, and so on. PORT0 represents Port 0, PORT1 represents Port 1, etc. You may read PORTx to determine the state of the output pins of that port. For example, in the command window, you may type,

PORT0

to obtain value corresponding to the set pins of Port 0. You may also change the input values of port pins by changing the value of the VTREG. For example,

PORT1=0xF0

sets the upper four port pins of Port 1 to a value of 1 and the lower 4 port pins to a value of 0. You may use the bitwise operators AND(&), OR(|) and XOR(^) to change individual bits of the PORTx VTREGs. For example:

PORT1 |=  0x01;  /* Set P1.0 Pin */
PORT3 &= ~0x02;  /* Clr P3.1 Pin */
PORT1 ^=  0x80;  /* Toggle P1.7 Pin */

XTAL VTREG
Data Type: unsigned long

The XTAL VTREG contains the frequency of the oscillator (in Hertz) used to drive the microcontroller. The value is automatically set from the value specified in Project Options - Options for Target. However, you may change the value of XTAL using the command window. For example:

XTAL=12000000

You may also output the current value of XTAL using the following:

XTAL

XTAL may be used in calculations to synchronize external scripts with the simulated microcontroller.