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Assembler Reference

Conventions and feedback Assembler command line options ARM and Thumb Instructions Instruction summary Instruction width specifiers Memory access instructions General data processing instructions Flexible second operand (Operand2) Operand2 as a constant Operand2 as a register with optional shift Shift operations Multiply instructions Saturating instructions Parallel instructions Parallel add and subtract Packing and unpacking instructions Branch and control instructions Coprocessor instructions Miscellaneous instructions ThumbEE instructions Pseudo-instructions Condition codes ADD, SUB, RSB, ADC, SBC, and RSC ADR (PC-relative) ADR (register-relative) ADRL pseudo-instruction AND, ORR, EOR, BIC, and ORN ASR, LSL, LSR, ROR, and RRX B, BL, BX, BLX, and BXJ BFC and BFI BKPT CBZ and CBNZ CDP and CDP2 CHKA CLREX CLZ CMP and CMN CPS CPY pseudo-instruction DBG DMB, DSB, and ISB ENTERX and LEAVEX ERET HB, HBL, HBLP, and HBP IT LDC, LDC2, STC, and STC2 LDM and STM LDR and STR (immediate offset) LDR and STR (register offset) LDR and STR, unprivileged LDR (PC-relative) LDR (register-relative) LDR pseudo-instruction LDREX and STREX MAR and MRA MCR, MCR2, MCRR, and MCRR2 MIA, MIAPH, and MIAxy MOV and MVN MOV32 pseudo--instruction MOVT MRC, MRC2, MRRC and MRRC2 MRS (system coprocessor register to ARM register) MRS (PSR to general-purpose register) MSR (ARM register to system coprocessor register) MSR (general-purpose register to PSR) MUL, MLA, and MLS NEG pseudo-instruction PKHBT and PKHTB PLD, PLDW, and PLI PUSH and POP QADD, QSUB, QDADD, and QDSUB REV, REV16, REVSH, and RBIT RFE SBFX and UBFX SDIV and UDIV SEL SETEND SEV, WFE, WFI, and YIELD SMC NOP SMLAD and SMLSD SMLALxy SMLALD and SMLSLD SMMUL, SMMLA, and SMMLS SMUAD{X} and SMUSD{X} SMULxy and SMLAxy SMULWy and SMLAWy SRS SSAT and USAT SSAT16 and USAT16 SUBS pc, lr SVC SWP and SWPB SXT, SXTA, UXT, and UXTA SYS TBB and TBH TST and TEQ UMULL, UMLAL, SMULL, and SMLAL UMAAL UND pseudo-instruction USAD8 and USADA8 VFP Programming Directives Reference

Assembler Reference

MUL, MLA, and MLS

MUL, MLA, and MLS

Multiply, Multiply-Accumulate, and Multiply-Subtract, with signed or unsigned 32-bit operands, giving the least significant 32 bits of the result.

Show/hideSyntax

MUL{S}{cond} {Rd}, Rn, Rm
MLA{S}{cond} Rd, Rn, Rm, Ra
MLS{cond} Rd, Rn, Rm, Ra

where:

cond

is an optional condition code.

S

is an optional suffix. If S is specified, the condition code flags are updated on the result of the operation.

Rd

is the destination register.

Rn, Rm

are registers holding the values to be multiplied.

Ra

is a register holding the value to be added or subtracted from.

Show/hideUsage

The MUL instruction multiplies the values from Rn and Rm, and places the least significant 32 bits of the result in Rd.

The MLA instruction multiplies the values from Rn and Rm, adds the value from Ra, and places the least significant 32 bits of the result in Rd.

The MLS instruction multiplies the values from Rn and Rm, subtracts the result from the value from Ra, and places the least significant 32 bits of the final result in Rd.

Show/hideRegister restrictions

For the MUL and MLA instructions, Rn must be different from Rd in architectures before ARMv6.

You cannot use PC for any register.

You can use SP in ARM instructions but these are deprecated in ARMv6T2 and above. You cannot use SP in Thumb instructions.

Show/hideCondition flags

If S is specified, the MUL and MLA instructions:

  • update the N and Z flags according to the result

  • corrupt the C and V flag in ARMv4

  • do not affect the C or V flag in ARMv5T and above.

Show/hideThumb instructions

The following form of the MUL instruction is available in Thumb code, and is a 16-bit instruction:

MULS Rd, Rn, Rd

Rd and Rn must both be Lo registers.

There are no other Thumb multiply instructions that can update the condition code flags.

Show/hideArchitectures

The MUL and MLA ARM instructions are available in all versions of the ARM architecture.

The MLS ARM instruction is available in ARMv6T2 and above.

These 32-bit Thumb instructions are available in ARMv6T2 and above.

The MULS 16-bit Thumb instruction is available in all T variants of the ARM architecture.

Show/hideExamples

    MUL     r10, r2, r5
    MLA     r10, r2, r1, r5
    MULS    r0, r2, r2
    MULLT   r2, r3, r2
    MLS     r4, r5, r6, r7

Show/hideSee also

Reference
Copyright © 2011-2012 ARM. All rights reserved.ARM DUI 0588B
Non-ConfidentialID062912

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