C51: USING NON-REENTRANT FUNCTION IN MAIN AND INTERRUPTS

Information in this article applies to:

• C51 Version 6.20

QUESTION

I use the atof function in an interrupt service routine and in the main program loop. Since atof is not reentrant, I receive the following linker warning:

*** WARNING L15: MULTIPLE CALL TO SEGMENT
    SEGMENT: ?PR??C?ATOF??C?ATOF
    CALLER1: ?PR?SERIAL_INT?D
    CALLER2: ?C_C51STARTUP

Is there a way to use atof from both the interrupt and the main routine?

ANSWER

Yes. It is possible to use non-reentrant functions in both interrupt and main routines.

1. Make sure that the interrupt cannot occur during the execution of a non-reentrant function. You may disable the interrupt service routine in the main function as follows:

   void main (void)  {
   .
   .
   .
   ES1 = 0;               // disable serial interrupt
   fval = atof (buffer);  // call the non-reentrant function
   ES1 = 1;               // enable  serial interrupt
   .
   .
   .
   }
   

2. Data overlaying must be adjusted using the linker OVERLAY directive (which will remove linker warning 15). For the above, you would use the following on the linker command line:

   OVERLAY (atof ! *)
   

   In µVision, enter atof ! * in the Overlay field on the Linker Misc Tab of the Project Options dialog. This command removes the atof function from overlay analysis. The memory used by atof for local variables is not overlaid with that of other functions.

3. A similar method also works for RTX51 Tiny when you want to use non-reentrant functions in several tasks. You can ensure that no task switch occurs by disabling the Timer 0 interrupt that performs round robin task switching. You must apply the OVERLAY directive to avoid the linker warning. For example:

   void job0 (void) _task_ 0  {
   .
   .
   .
   ET0 = 0;               // disable serial interrupt
   fval = atof (buffer);  // call the non-reentrant function
   ET0 = 1;               // enable  serial interrupt
   .
   .
   .
   }
   
   void job1 (void) _task_ 1  {
   .
   .
   .
   ET0 = 0;               // disable serial interrupt
   fval = atof (buffer);  // call the non-reentrant function
   ET0 = 1;               // enable  serial interrupt
   .
   .
   .
   }
   

SEE ALSO

• BL51: WARNING 15 (MULTIPLE CALL TO SEGMENT)
• C51: FUNCTION PROTOTYPES FOR REENTRANT FUNCTIONS
• C51: FUNCTIONS THAT ARE REENTRANT
• C51: WHEN ARE FUNCTIONS REENTRANT
• C51: REENTRANT FUNCTIONS AND VARIABLES

FORUM THREADS

The following Discussion Forum threads may provide information related to this topic.

• Problems with putchar and putbuf in "Getting Started" and Traffic example
• Possbile bug with C51 compiler for T89C51RD2 target
• reentrant RTX51 Tiny
• Call RTX-51 tiny function in a function?
• Rtx51-tiny and Multiple call to segment warning
• eorror of multiple call to segment
• optimisation settings causing odd behaviour

Last Reviewed: Saturday, July 09, 2005